This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered to be the most well-known pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often this is due to violations of the diet, but the wrong products themselves can cause its development. A diet for gastric gastritis is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the development of the disease in a more dangerous and / or painful form.
What is gastritis?
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops in the stomach lining. Due to its improper functioning, the digestive process is disrupted, various negative effects develop, and the mucosa itself gradually becomes thinner.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not alien to a modern, constantly busy person. Rushing during meals, poor grasping and chewing of hot or cold foods, consumption of low-quality or harmful foods, fast, fatty, salty and smoked food in unlimited quantities, systemic eating disorders- all this can cause gastritis. In addition, the insufficient amount of protein and vitamins in food, the long-term use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and the thoughtless excessive consumption of alcohol also become risk factors.
Nutrition rules for gastritis
Properly organized food plays a big role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the details of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, drawn up by a doctor. There are some simple and clear rules that you should follow:
- All food must be chewed thoroughly, you can not swallow food in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily routine and eat every hour. Ideally, meals should be portioned and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times 500-600.
- Between meals should be left 2, 5-3 hours and it is good that the intervals are the same, if possible.
- Food should always be warm, not hot or cold. The wrong temperature irritates the walls of the stomach, causing more inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw foods. It is better when they have been treated with heat, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh; cooking for future use with gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis?
- Stale bread, bakery and dough in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or baked vegetables (without skin).
- Porridge from crushed cereals in milk or water (rice, oats, oatmeal, buckwheat).
- Low-fat fish varieties.
- Lean meat and uncooked poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, beef).
- Non-acidic fruits, dishes from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Milk and low-fat milk products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Lozenges, marshmallows.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of dishes or boiled (2 pieces per day).
It is very important for gastritis to observe the correct drinking regimen. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including juice, compote and even soup. It is allowed to drink mineral water with a suitable composition recommended by the doctor.
What you should not eat with gastritis
- Smoked meat and sausage.
- Sausages and sausages.
- Roast.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Canning and pickles.
- Fatty and sour milk products.
- Barley, millet, whole grains.
- Macaroni, macaroni and vermicelli made from wheat flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- Mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Spices and hot sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a food system is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing regimen is prescribed for those with gastric or duodenal ulcers. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise reducing salt intake, because it not only retains fluids in the body, but also irritates the mucous membrane. The standard calorie content in this way should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day, for a deeper understanding of the matter:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft boiled egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: sweet baked apples with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: soup with vegetable cream, steamed turkey meatballs or meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rose soup.
- Dinner: vegetable stew allowed, fish allowed, baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease develops into a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. By following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it is worth talking about each case separately.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with low acidity
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract from it all the nutrients and trace elements it needs. Not only the mucosa of the organ itself, but also all the systems of our body can suffer from this.
Principles of diet
- Mashed, liquid and mashed dishes are preferred.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the remission period, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of the food can vary between + 15-60 ° C.
- The total caloric content of the diet per day should be adjusted to 2500-3000 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
With gastritis with low acidity, the menu is not difficult to compose, because it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, sausages, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals is allowed. In the menu it will be possible to include juices, compotes, kisses, broths, tea and coffee, milk and lactic acid products.
However, there are also limitations, for example, you will have to give up very fatty foods. It is undesirable to consume goose meat, pork, salmon, fried doughnuts, cream cakes and sweets. Fermentation and bloating should not be activated by eaten vegetables, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of dishes or as an addition to tea or coffee, it will fit perfectly.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
With this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which, so to speak, "digests" the surrounding tissue, damaging the mucosa more and more. Therefore, the menu should be much more economical than in the previous case.
Principles of diet
- No spicy food. Anything that can irritate the mucous membrane is immediately removed.
- Products should be exclusively low-fat.
- Fried foods are completely excluded, all foods must be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to mash the products, wipe them before use.
- Meals should be frequent and partial, and portions should be small.
- The daily amount of salt can be increased to 8 grams.
- Caloric content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
The goal of a diet for such a disease is to make the menu as frugal as possible, but at the same time diverse and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you will have to eat only boiled, boiled and baked vegetables, and choose only non-acidic fruits. They should also be boiled, and ideally mashed. The consumption of meat and fish without fat is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are easily cooked, they are removed if necessary, only weak meat juices are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the stomach mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This stage requires an immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes and dietary changes. On the first day, it is better to completely abandon solid food, even pureed food, limiting yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
On the second day, you can slowly consume foods from the diet list number 1. Then you can already prepare liquid, pasty or creamy soups, make fish or meat puree with little fat, soft boiled eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as other products from the prohibited list, should not be consumed.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers in the mucosa, which can soon turn into full ulcers. To stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you must strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- No fried, salted or smoked food, all dishes are only boiled, steamed or baked without crust.
- Partial meals in small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of a meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before meals.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite well.
- All food should be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that there are 2 hours before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
Diet for atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best taken at the same time regularly. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations that have already been expressed for table no. 1 of the electricity supply system. You can consume all the products from the allowed list and reject the prohibited ones.
Food is eaten warm, mashed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty, as well as sour, spicy and salty, remain prohibited. Smoking and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies for all types of gastritis, so it is better to abandon them forever in order not to provoke an acute condition.